The cause of IC is not known, but it may result from conditions such as: allergy vascular blood vessel disease autoimmune disease defects in the lining of the bladder wall presence of abnormal substances in the urine unusual types of infections that are not found with standard tests. Who gets interstitial cystitis? How is the diagnosis made? Similar symptoms may be caused by: a bladder infection or urinary tract infection UTI bladder cancer radiation therapy to the pelvic area nerve problems systemic diseases such as diabetes drugs and chemicals that may affect the bladder.
How is interstitial cystitis treated? However, most IC patients are helped by one or more of the following treatments: Oral Medications: Elmiron pertosan polysulfate sodium : This drug received FDA approval in It is the only oral medication approved specifically for use in IC. It is believed to work by repairing a thin or damaged bladder lining.
Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants, such as Elavil amitriptyline have been shown to help with both the pain and frequent urination of IC. In IC, these medications are used for their pain-relieving properties, not as treatment for depression. Other Oral Medications: These include anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-spasmodics, antihistamines and muscle relaxants. Bladder Instillations: This type of treatment involves stretching the bladder by filling it with water under general anesthesia, as is done in the diagnosis of IC.
Certain medications are also used for this such as: DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide : This medication is believed to work as an anti-inflammatory agent which reduces pain. It appears to work by boosting the immune system.
Cystistat hyaluronic acid : This medication is also in clinical trials and is not yet approved for use in IC. It is thought to work by replacing the defective lining of the bladder. How well it works is not yet known.
Other Bladder Instillations: These include heparin or bladder cocktails consisting of several substances combined into one mixture. Diet: Eliminating certain foods, such as those that are acidic or spicy, may decrease the severity of IC symptoms. Self Help: These techniques can improve the quality of life and reduce the incidence and severity of flare-ups. They include: changes in diet stress reduction visualization biofeedback bladder retraining learning to urinate according to a schedule exercise.
Electronic Nerve Stimulations: TENS transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation : The stimulation comes from a device that is worn externally. It helps relieve bladder pain in some people with IC. Sacral Nerve Stimulation Implant: This surgically implanted device was recently approved by the FDA for treating a type of urinary incontinence. Symptoms vary from person to person, may be mild or severe, and can even change in each person as time goes on.
Urgency is the feeling that you need to urinate right now. A strong urge is normal if you haven't urinated for a few hours or if you have been drinking a lot of liquids. With IC, you may feel pain or burning along with an urgent need to urinate before your bladder has had time to fill.
Frequency is urinating more often than you think you should need to, given the amount of liquid you are drinking. Most people urinate between four and seven times a day. Drinking large amounts of liquid can cause more frequent urinating.
Taking blood pressure medicines called diuretics, or water pills, can also cause more frequent urinating. Some people with IC feel a strong, painful urge to urinate many times a day. As your bladder starts to fill, you may feel pain—rather than just discomfort—that gets worse until you urinate. Sometimes, people with IC also feel discomfort in the lower abdomen, lower back, or urethra. These symptoms may grow more intense when your bladder is full. For some, pelvic pain and discomfort will become chronic.
A common symptom of IC is tenderness, pressure, or pain in the perineum — the area between the anus and genitals. This is true for both men and women. Women may also have pain in the vagina or vulva.
In men, there may be pain in the scrotum, testicles, or penis. Some people feel constant pain, but for others, the pain comes and goes. IC can interfere with your sex life. In women, the bladder is located close to the vagina. This proximity means that IC can result in painful intercourse.
Symptoms may intensify during menstruation. Men may experience discomfort or pain in the penis or scrotum. There may be pain during ejaculation or even the day after ejaculation. Over time, the emotional toll of painful sex can have serious effects on romantic relationships.
If you have some of the symptoms of IC, your doctor may refer you to a specialist, called a urologist, for further examination. Using an instrument called a cystoscope, a urologist can get a good view of the inside of your bladder and pinpoint areas of inflammation and scarring that may cause intermittent bleeding. This type of ulcer is associated with IC. You may notice that particular foods or drinks aggravate your symptoms. Many people with IC report an increase in symptoms when they feel physically or emotionally stressed out.
According to the Mayo Clinic , although symptoms can worsen with stress, symptoms are not actually caused by stress. Other triggers include exercise, sexual activity, and sitting for too long.
0コメント